The improved Angara-A5M heavy launch vehicle, which is scheduled to launch for the first time from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in 2027, is currently the subject of active discussion among Roscosmos specialists. A prototype of the next-generation advanced transport spacecraft, “Orel,” which is intended for voyages to the orbital station, will be transported by this upgraded version. Production of components for the initial two flight units of the Angara-A5M is scheduled to commence in 2024, with assembly scheduled for 2025, in order to comply with this timeline.
New RD-191M rocket engines will be integrated into the Angara-A5M, which represents a substantial improvement over its predecessor, the RD-191, in terms of thrust capabilities. The RD-191M generates approximately 217.4 tons-force at sea level and 234 tons-force in a vacuum with a 10% increase in propulsion. This improvement enables the Angara-A5M to carry heavier payloads, thereby enhancing its operational capabilities and rendering it a more adaptable launch vehicle for a variety of missions.
The RD-191M is distinguished by its enhanced specific impulse, which is a critical indicator of engine efficiency, in addition to its increased thrust. It surpasses the performance metrics of the RD-191 by a minor margin, achieving a specific impulse of 314 seconds at sea level and 338 seconds in a vacuum. This enhancement in specific impulse results in improved fuel efficiency, which enables the delivery of larger payloads to desired orbits without the need for additional fuel reserves, as well as the extension of missions.
The RD-191M’s performance is improved by the incorporation of sophisticated engineering features. It employs an optimized turbo-pump design and a single gas generator to efficiently regulate the passage of fuel and oxidizer into the combustion chamber. This efficient method not only increases the engine’s overall thrust but also improves its reliability, guaranteeing consistent performance during critical flight phases.
The RD-191M is also distinguished by its gimbal control, which enables a range of motion of up to 8 degrees. In order to sustain stability as the rocket ascends through a variety of atmospheric conditions, this capability is essential for precise trajectory adjustments during flight. The gimbal system is essential for the precise alignment of the vehicle with its intended orbit, as it enables efficient steering and control.
The enhancements implemented with the RD-191M engine have been verified through extensive testing, which was successfully concluded by mid-2024. These tests have confirmed its suitability for integration into the Angara-A5M, demonstrating improvements in component reliability and manufacturing techniques. The Angara-A5M is positioned as a critical participant in future space missions and exploration endeavors, as the development cycle demonstrates a dedication to improving Russia’s launch capabilities.
The vehicle will also increase its payload capacities, allowing it to transport up to 27 tons to low Earth orbit (LEO) and 5 tons to geostationary orbit. The rocket has a length of 57 meters and an overall launch mass of approximately 780 kilograms.
The Angara-A5M is not only designed to launch the Orel spacecraft, but it will also assist in the construction of a new Russian orbital station and support a variety of missions, including manned voyages starting in 2028. Additionally, it is anticipated to assume a role in lunar exploration programs and hefty satellite deployments.
Serial production for other variants of the Angara family has already been established at the “Polet” facility in Omsk, where production is currently in progress. Advanced technologies are being implemented by the Khrunichev Center to produce critical structural components, with the objective of enhancing their weight characteristics in comparison to previous designs.
The Angara-A5M is a component of a more comprehensive strategy that incorporates the development of an even more advanced variant, the Angara-A5V, which is expected to be released around 2030. This development emphasizes Russia’s dedication to improving its capabilities in satellite deployment and space exploration, while simultaneously decreasing its dependence on antiquated launch vehicles such as the Proton.
Official Website of Youtube Channel – Altitude Addicts